Piston.



H. LHDODGE.

PlsToN. l APPLICATION `FILED NOV. 3, |916.`

1,218,986. Patented M'r.13,`1917.

w 11 www zo F Connectingr rod.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HORACE E. DODGE, OF GROSSE POINTE, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB TO DODGE BROTHERS, OF

DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF .MICHIGAN.

PISTON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

To all 'whom t may concern:

le it known that I, HORACE E. DODGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at lrosse Pointe, Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements .in Pistons, ol whieh the following is a` clear, full, and exact description.

Thisl invention relates toan improved piston tor use in internal combustion engines.

As the piston ot' an internal combustion engine is meessarilj,7 in Contact Awith burning ,uns at a high temperature and is so sltuated that it cannot be cooled by conduetion as l'eadil)Iv as other surfaces in contact with the gas. it has been found that the head of the piston, in some easesa .reaches an objectionably high temperature. This temperature may beeome high enough to cause pre-ignition and may also reduce the. strength of the piston to a dangerous point. The heating elleet referred to is aggravated by the'luhrieatinzgr oil strikingV on the inner side of the head and leaving a earbon deposit as it burns.` .\s soon as this carbon deposit. be- `fins to lforni. the piston head tends to beeolne lstill hotter as the earhon insulates it from the eooling etleet ol' thel air inside the piston.

'l`he l'u'esent invention comprises an improved piston.y one oiI the ohjeets of which is to provide a piston head which is shielded from the lubricating' oil thrown about in- *side the piston and in which the objection- `thrown upon the inner side of the piston head and eondueting'it to the proper points so that it mayv be used for lubricating the hearing between the eolmeeting rod and the piston nimor the bearings between the'pis ton and the piston pin if aeonstruetion is used in whieh the piston pin .is fixed in the These being among the objects of the present invention, the saule consists of certain features ol' construction and combinations of parts to he hereinafter described and then elanled with refereru'ee to the accompanying drawingswhieh illustrate. a suitable embodiment ol the invention having the above and other ohjeetsin view.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through the piston at right angles to thel piston pin', hein;r taken on the line AA-A of Fig. Q.

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the piston.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation through the piston taken in a `plane passing through the axis of the piston pin or on the line BTB of Fig. 2, and showing also, the piston pin and part of the connecting rod in section.

Referring to Fig. 1, the piston head is shown to have a convex surface when viewed from the outside. of the piston, though it may be flat or eoneave. as desired, without a'i'eeting the action ot the improveinentsto be described. The piston head 10 is also shown to be stifi'ened with the integral ribs 11 which. however, are not essential to the proper operation of the present invention. The side walls of thel piston 12 are shown with the usual ring grooves 13 which may he arranged as desired. The piston is .itted with holesl 1l and a tapped hole 15 forja set .screw whieh holds the piston pin rigid in the piston. However, as above mentioned. the piston pin may be fixed in the eonneetiner rod and allowed to oscillate in the piston it' this Construction is preferred.

In addition to the above mentioned features, which are well known, the piston of the present invention is provided with a diaphragm or baille, plate 16, located in the spaee between the piston head and the bosses for the Vpiston pin. This diaphragm serves to prevent oil from being thrown upon the piston head and. as it is not in Contact with the hot gases inside the combustion cham ber, its ten'iperature is not suilicient to burn the oil and produce a carbon deposit. In stead, itniay be so shaped as to cause the oil` to flow to any desired point where it may be utilized for lubrication.'

In. the drawing, the diaphragm is shown to have a conical form so that the oil drains toward the center, where it will 'fall from the diaphragm upon the end of the conne-cting rod. By arraugriiner a suitable pocket in the end of the rod, the oil may be conducted to the bearing surfaces between the rod and thc piston pin. This arrangement is shown .l

necting rod and the piston pin. If the pin is lixed in the rod and the bearing surfaces are between the pin and the piston, the diaphragm ma)v be shaped to conduct the oil to points above the piston pin bosses so that it will fall in channels leading to the bearings. In tlle drawings, the diaphragm is shown to be cast integral with the piston and is provided with a hole 1G at its center, this hole being for convenience in coring. The same results may` of course, he obtained b v making the diaphragm in one or more pieces separate from the piston and the hole in the center may be omitted if not required by the foundry. l

It is obvious thatthe invention is susceptible of further modification as parts ma)T be omitted, parts added and parts substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the claims.

l. A piston having av head and a diaphragm wit-hin said piston, located between said head and the piston-pin holes.

In an internal combustion engine, a

piston having a head, and a diaphragm,

adapted to collect oil thrown upon said diaphragm at one or more points and arranged to conduct the. collected oil to the bearing surfaces in the piston.

3. A piston having a head, and a dia` phragin of conical form, the taper'of the cone being toward the bearingsurfaces in the piston.

.4. In an internal combustion engine, a piston having a head` and a diaphragm adapted to conduct oil toward the longitudinal axis of the piston at a point between the said head and the parts within and operated bv said piston.

'A piston having a head,4 and a diaphragm separated from said head at a distance less than that of the piston-'pin holes from said head` and forming a shield for protecting said head from oil.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a piston having a head, and means for intercepting oil thrown toward said head inside of said piston, said means being located between said head and the iston-pin holes.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a piston having a head, and means for intercepting oil throwirtoward said head inside of said piston, said means also acting to collect oil at pre-detern'iined points and deliver it within said piston.

'8. A piston having a head, and means positioned cooperatively adjacent said head for preventing the carbonization of oil on the inner surface of said head.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a piston having a head, and means within said piston and positioned in juxtapositionto but out of contact with Said head .for cooling said head by the radiation of 'heat from said head.

10. In combination, a piston having a head, a connecting rod having a pivotal connection with said piston, and a diaphragm located within Said piston between said head and said connecting rod.

11.' In combination, a piston having a head, a connecting rod having a pivotal connection with Said piston` and a diaphragm located within said piston between said head and said connecting rod. .said diaphragm having a hole in substantial alinement with said connecting rod.

12. In combination," a piston having a head, a connecting rod havlng a pivotal eonnection with said piston, and a diaphragm located within said piston between said head and said connecting rod, said diaphragm being frrned relatively to Said connecting' rod to drop oil thereonto.

Signed at Detroit, Mich.` this 30th da'v of October, 1910.

HORACE ll. DODGE. 'itnesses AUmm-:n KNIGHT,

Antille A; hICPHunsox. 

